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	scrollableText = "Being invited to somebody's home is very exceptional in Japan. As Japanese flats and houses are commonly very small, people meet in restaurants, cafes or bars to discuss peronal or business matters.\r\rAditionally, if the guest is a foreigner, the house wife might be concerned that her English is not good enough to start a conversation or that the Western guest might not feel comfortable adapting to Japanese customs in the house.\r\rIf you get the chance, however, to visit a Japanese home, you have to pay close attention to follow the customs and rules in the house.\r\rApart from rare invitations, there are many other occasions for calls such as a wedding, the birth of a child, promotion or for season's greetings (New Year, mid-year, year-end).\r\rConvenient times to call are between ten o'clock in the morning and four in the afternoon. Never call during, directly before or after meal time, nor at night or on Sundays and public holidays. If you visit elderly people, do not visit in extremely hot or cold weather, as they might feel uncomfortable during that time.\r\rThe Japanese are not very fond of spontaneuous ideas, so keep in mind to never visit unexpected.";
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	scrollableText = "When you pay a visit to a business colleague, dress properly with a suit, white shirt and a necktie.\r\rIn former times the coat was considered dirty, as it was believed that evil spirits touched clothes worn outside. Taking one's coat inside the house would have polluted it with those spirits. Therefore, if you want to be very polite, take off your over coat, gloves and scarf in front of the door. If you want to stay for only a few minutes, however, or if you pay an urgent and unexpected visit, do leave it on, because otherwise you might make the impression that you want to stay for longer.\r\rVery often, especially in the humid summer, people leave the front door of their house open. If there is a bell, ring it. If there is none, either knock on the door or quietly open it slightly and call out.";
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	scrollableText = "When entering the entrance hall ('genkan'), one bows and exchanges greetings.\r\rIf the guest is older than the hostess or holds a higher position, the hostess should kneel down on the floor when greeting him. Furthermore, to show her respect, the hostess should bow first, deeper and longer than the guest.\r\rIf the occasion is very formal, the hostess might dress up in a 'kimono', the traditional Japanese-style clothing for both men and women.\r\rThe present-style 'kimono' came into being during the Heian period (794-1192). A 'kimono' is woven out of linen, cotton or silk and skilfully dyed and embroided. The cut, colour, fabric and decorations vary according to sex (men's 'kimonos' are less elaborate and have a single chord tied around their waist), age (brightly coloured ones with big designs are worn by young people only), marital status (an unmarried girl's 'kimono' sleeves are very long), season of the year and occasion (white 'kimono' when getting married, black 'kimono' with gold and silver patterns when attending a wedding).\r\rA 'kimono' is worn when paying a visit to someone, attending a ceremony or festival, relaxing at home in the summer. The informal cotton 'kimono' for home use is called 'yukata'. It is worn in the evenings after taking a bath.\r\rThe sash skilfully tied around the waist in the back is called 'obi'. Some people consider the tying of the 'obi' an art in itself. The 'kimono' is always wrapped across the body from left to right. You make a terrible mistake if you tie it the other way round, as this technique is only used for the dead when displayed at the wake.\r\rThe most common footwear worn with a 'kimono' is called 'zori'. The shoe is kept on by two thongs that pass between the first and second toes. The traditional type of sock worn with the 'zori' is called 'tabi'. The 'tabi', too, is split between the first and second toe.\r\rThe 'genkan', the entrance hall of a Japanese home, has a long tradition and significant meaning and can be found in every traditional as well as modern home. 'Genkan', describing the small area immediately behind the front door, literally means 'mystery', 'darkness', 'the unclean' (gen) and 'barrier' (kan). It is thus considered as the 'buffer zone' between the outside and the inside, the unknown and the known, the unclean and the clean.\r\rThe 'genkan' is very simple in design and it is usually constructed from material different from that found in the rest of the home. In a traditional house, stones or tiles provide a smooth transition from the outside paved streets to the warm atmosphere of the wooden interior. Behind the 'genkan' there usually is a small step that leads up into the interior of the house.\r\rOn the wall of a traditional 'genkan' you are likely to find the so-called 'kakemono', a hanging scroll, which displays skilfully written calligraphy combined with a painting depicting Japanese scenery on a luxurious role paper. The 'kakemono' was originally introduced during the Heian period (794-1192) as a practical mean to represent Buddhist figures. Nowadays it is easily interchangeable depending on seasonal change. The piece displayed in Mr.Suzuki's house refers to the summer and conveys the word 'hana', meaning 'flower'.";
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	scrollableText = "As the 'genkan' is considered the frontier between the inside and the outside, the clean and the unclean, the guest is not considered a real guest unless he proceeds up in.\r\rBefore stepping up, however, you must always take your shoes off, no matter how dirty they are, how long you intend to stay and how close you are to the host. As this rule does not only derive from practical reasons, but traditionally has a highly religious connotation, you must keep it in mind wherever you are. You need to take your shoes off in private home, traditional restaurants, hotels or sometimes even places like small shops, galleries or company buildings.\r\rYou can either remove your shoes standing or by sitting down on the step, which is less polite. Never turn your back to the host while you do it and at all costs avoid stepping with your stockinged feet onto the floor of the 'genkan'.\r\rSometimes small shoe cupboards ('kutsubako') for the guests are provided. If this is not the case, take your shoes and arrange them neatly on the 'genkan' floor so that they are off to one side with the toes pointing towards the front door. This is considered polite and it will also make it easier for you to slip back in once you leave the house. If you forget to do so, the hostess will do it for you in an unobserved moment. Never arrange your shoes on the 'genkan' with your feet, use your hands instead.\r\rAs the Japanese very much distinguish between people belonging to their own group ('uchi') and the ones that belong to another group ('soto'), and as the area behind the 'genkan' belongs to the private part of one's home, it is polite for the guest to apologize for stepping up in.\r\rUsually slippers are provided. If the hostess offers them, put them on.";
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	scrollableText = "Whenever you pay a visit you need to bring a present which is to be handed over after you have entered the house.\r\rAs modesty is considered one of the most important virtues in Japan, always belittle your present, whilst you present it.\r\rWhen you give or receive a present, express your thankfulness by always using both hands. In receiving a present, a statement of thanks is made with a bow.\r\rA present is never opened in front of its giver as this is considered greedy. Open it when the guest has gone and send a thank you note the next day.\r\rOnce you receive a present, take it into another room instead of leaving it on your side as if it was forgotten.";
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	scrollableText = "Once you proceed through the house keep your eyes down on your feet or straight forward. It is impolite to look around to see what the building looks like. This especially applies to the kitchen which it is considered as the working area and is therefore not a very honourable room.\r\rMost buildings in Japan, also the modern ones, have sliding doors, the so-called 'futsuma', installed in every room except the bathroom. The 'futsuma' is made of wood and paper and was invented during the Heian Period (794-1192) in order to subdivide rooms. Only since the Edo Period (end of the 19th century) it was to completely separate rooms.\r\rAnother modern version of the 'futsuma' is called 'to-futsuma', used for dividing a Japanese style room from a Western style room.\r\rWhen opening a 'futsuma' in front of a guest it is correct to kneel down while pulling it open.\r\rA Japanese living room floor is traditionally covered with 'tatami' rice straw mats. A 'tatami' is about five centimetres thick and has foundation of hard-pressed straw which is covered with a mat woven with rush. Each mat is about one times two meters big and bordered with linen strips which are black or brown or sometimes decorated with white and blue designs. The size of a Japanese room is always stated according to the number of its mats (e.g. an 'eight-mat-room'). In an average house there are at least two rooms which are covered with 'tatami'.\r\rStepping on a tatami mat with slippers is considered extremely impolite. Because of that, one is obliged to take off one's slippers and leave them by the door before entering a room covered with 'tatami'. You can either step on a 'tatami' wearing socks or bare-footed.\r\rHowever, when you are invited to somebody's home, it is advisable to wear socks, preferably white ones. Coloured ones are worn at home only.";
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	scrollableText = "The 'tatami' mat is extremely important to the Japanese as it has a long tradition. The use of it dates back to the Heian period (794-1191) when it was used as a bed or sitting mat for noblemen only. In the 16th century it was mainly used by the class of the Samurai and merchandisers indulging in the tea ceremony. People of different social ranks had to use different kinds of 'tatami'. The decorative linen board of the emperor's 'tatami' was made of the best silk fabrics. Around 1730, the 'tatami' came into use among common people. In the Meiji era (1867-1911), even farmers started using it.\r\rBecause of this long tradition and because its material is very sensitive, when you move on a 'tatami', you have to treat it with respect. If you want to be polite, try to avoid stepping on its linen borders.\r\rWhen entering the living room it is very important to be aware of the seating preferences.\r\rGenerally the least important person sits closest to the door, and the one with the highest one furthest to it. This custom derives from old Samurai etiquette. As a Samurai always had to be aware of enemies suddenly rushing through the door with a weapon, the Samurai was the person to sit furthest from the door, because his life was considered most precious.\r\rThus, when you enter the living room, first sit down on the 'tatami' mat right next to the door, implying that you do not regard yourself the most superior person.\r\rThe most honourable seat is the one in front of the alcove, the small decorative shelf. Only after being asked to sit down on the cushion in front of the alcove, accept the offer.\r\rSometimes it is not easy to recognize the seat of honour at first glance, especially in modern rooms without an alvove. Keep in mind that the seat of honour is always furthest from the door, mostly has the best view of the garden or through a window and is often on your right when you enter.\r\rThe most polite way to sit down on a 'tatami' mat is to kneel ('seiza'). In lowering oneself to the 'tatami', the toes of one foot are drawn back or brought forward slightly, the knees bent quietly and placed in turn on the floor. In the correct sitting posture, the back is straight and the big toes are placed one on top of the other beneath the body. A man's knees are placed about 15 centimetres apart, a woman's close together. The man's hands are placed on his knees, the woman's clasped lightly in front. Do not stick out your legs in front of you.\r\rSometimes a guest is being invited by the host to sit in 'a comfortable way'. Especially foreigners are believed not to be able to keep the traditional kneeling position for very long. When you are invited to relax, either sit with your legs crossed ('agura') if you are a man, or, if you are a woman, relax your knees by pointing the feet out sideward ('hiza-kuzushi'). As a woman, never sit cross-legged, even if you wear trousers. Both men and women should never sit in a relaxed way in front of a person holding a high position.\r\rThe Japanese garden is called 'niwa'. The art of gardening dates back to the erection of early Shinto shrines. There are four differently designed types of gardens: the 'paradise garden', the 'dry garden', the 'promenade garden' and the 'tea garden'. The 'toro' is a lantern made of stone and commonly used in a Japanese garden. Those gardens are part of very traditional Japanese houses only.";
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	scrollableText = "In order to sit down on the cushion (linen in the summer, silk in the winter), draw it a little toward you, rise on your knees and gracefully slide onto it. If a senior person is present, however, never sit down on a cushion before he does.\r\rThe alcove ('tokonoma') was originally introduced during the Muromachi period (1333-1573), when, in upper class houses, there existed a place to hang a Buddhist picture scroll and to set a low table for incense or a flower base. Nowaday's 'tokonoma' has replaced the table as it has an elevated base installed.\r\rA 'tokonoma' usually consists of a decorative hanging scroll ('kakemono') and a flower arrangement ('ikebana') or dwarf tree ('bonsai'). Mr.Suzuki's 'tokonoma' consists of a calligraphy 'kakemono', which displays the word 'black pine', and a 'bonsai'.\r\rThe art of growing 'bonsai' was imported in the Heian period (794-1191) from China, where it dates back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Initially used in the context of Zen and limited to the elite noble class, 'bonsai' masters became highly admired throughout all classes in the 18th century. Especially beautiful 'bonsai' are considered as family heritage and are passed on from generation to generation.\r\rAs the alcove is meant to display items of high value only, never use it as an area to place anything else, such as an ashtray or a beer glass.\r\rIf you want to have a look at those pieces of art, ask the host first. When you do so, instead of standing up, do kneel right in front of it.\r\rAfter having had a look, make a positive statement about it and move back to your original position. Do not look at it for too long and do not be too complimentary about it, however, as, if you do, the host might feel obliged to give it to you afterwards. Misunderstandings of such kind have occurred several times with uninformed foreigners being presented highly valuable pieces of art that had originally belonged to the house.\r\rIn order to move back and forth on your knees, put your left and right hand on the ground pushing the weight of your body up slightly and draw your knees forwards in the direction you whish to move.\r\rIn the summer you might be likely to be offered a fan after sitting down. Do not use it, however, until all your hosts have arrived in the room.";
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	scrollableText = "When the host or another guest is entering the room, quietly slip off the cushion onto the 'tatami', place your hands on it and wait until the person opposite you has sat down before you exchange greetings.\r\rWhen bowing on a 'tatami', place both hands down on the 'tatami' in front of your knees and slowly lower your chest so that the fingertips touch the 'tatami'. In the formal bow one places one's hands flat on the 'tatami', forming a ninety-degree angle and bows until one's head touchs one's hands. Women place their hands so that their fingertips touch and men keep their hands a few centimetres apart. Again, the person with the lower position needs to bow first, longest and lowest.\r\rThe person with the highest rank is allowed to sit back onto the cushion first. It is appropriate, however, to excuse yourself before doing so.\r\rYou have to get off your cushion to exchange greetings each time somebody new enters the room. Never stand up to do so.\r\rIf you introduce yourself in a 'tatami' room, slide off your cushion, place your name card on the 'tatami' in front of you and, with a bow, slide it over the floor with both hands towards the person opposite to you.";
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	scrollableText = "If you are invited to somebody's home, it is very likeley that food will be served. If you are being asked beforehand if you are hungry, however, it is polite to deny, even if you feel like you are starving.\r\rServing commences with the person farthest from the door. Before eating you might get offered a moist towel ('oshibori') to clean and refresh your hands. The 'oshibori' is cold in the summer and hot in the winter. In ordinary restaurants men can use it to refreh their face and arms. After having used the 'oshibori', rearrange it neatly on the table. Generally, do not use the 'oshibori' before your host does.\r\rWhen offering the meal, always belittle it. Furthermore, a husband should never make positive statements about his wife's cooking abilities.\r\rDo not start eating before the host announces to do so.\r\rWhen you are invited as a business colleague, it is very likely that your host's wife will cook, but not join the meal. Even if you are a woman, do not feel obliged to ask her to join you or help her bring used dishes back into the kitchen. Doing so would make her feel embarrassed.\r\rThe Japanese kitchen offers a variety of foods including raw as well as cooked fish and meat, different kinds of noodles, hot pots, vegetables or rice and soy bean products.\r\rA traditional Japanese meal is served in one course and consists of several dishes. Mostly, soup and rice as well as a side dish such as vegetable or pickles is provided with the main meal which consists of either fish or meat.\r\rMrs.Suzuki is serving sliced raw tuna ('maguro sashimi') with ginger ('shoga'), grated Japanese horse radish ('wasabi') and soy sauce ('shoyu'), deep fried vegetable and prawns ('tempura'), soy bean paste soup ('miso shiru') and Japanese rice ('gohan').\r\rIn its history, Japan has undergone various taboos on meat eating, based on the Buddhist prohibition of killing. Due to this, popular fish dishes such as 'sashimi' have emerged throughout the centuries. Whereas 'sushi' (raw fish with spiced rice) was already introduced to Japan from China in the seventh century, 'sashimi' was eaten for the first time in the seventeenth century. For this dish, any kind of raw and extremely fresh fish is spiced with 'wasabi' and dipped into soy sauce. The most expensive 'sashimni' is made from the meat of the globefish ('fugu'). As this fish is extremely poisonous, only extraodinary cooks get permission to use it.\r\rLack of meat and dairy products in the Japanese diet originally produced an aversion to oily tastes, so that oil was not commonly used for cooking. When Portuguese immigrants and missionaries came to Japan in the sixteenth century, 'tempura', which is deep fried in vegetable oil, was introduced. Today, 'tempura' is one of the most popular dishes in Japan. Prawn or shrimp 'tempura' is the most common one but other types are made from squid, pepper, sweet potato, lotus root and onion. Only the freshest fish and vegetable is used.\r\rThe most popular soup in Japan is 'miso shiru'. 'Miso' paste is made from a mixture of soybeans, malted rice and salt. It takes about ten months to a year for the mixture to be ready for use. In Japan, 'miso' is used not only for soup but also for marinating fish, for sauteed dishes, noodles or pickles. Various kinds of 'miso', differing in colour and taste, are eaten in different regions in Japan. The most common kinds are 'shinsyu miso' (light brown), 'aka miso' (red), which tastes salty, and 'shiro miso' (white), which has a sweet taste. Usually thinly sliced pieces of vegetable are added to the soup.\r\rRice is considered the basic meal in Japan, and it is served with nearly every meal: 'gohan' both means 'rice' and 'meal'.\r\rIn the third century BC, Korea's already developed rice growing techniques were passed to the Japanese by a migrating tribe that had settled in Japan. The type of rice found in the remains of this period is the short-grained 'japonica variety' that is common in southern China and on the Korean Peninsula. Rice-growing seems to have come first to the northern part of the island of Kyushu in western Japan.\r\rFrom the beginning of cultivation, only short-grain rice was known in Japan. Although long-grain rice was common in Southeast Asia and India, its absence from Japan caused the Japanese to develop prejudices about it. Even today the long-grain type is regarded as inferior and unpalatable.\r\rIn addition to it's use for meals, rice is also used for sweets such as rice cake ('mochi') and alcoholic beverages such as rice wine ('sake').";
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	scrollableText = "In former times it was the host who started eating first for proofing that the food was not poisoned. Nowadays it is the most superior person who picks up his chopsticks first.\r\rWhen beginning with the meal, one should start with either the soup or the rice, as those are considered as the basic items in a meal. Furthermore it looks immodest to eat the most valuable dish at the beginning.\r\rThe rice bowl is always placed on your left and the soup on your right. Do not change that order. If you begin with the soup, first of all remove the lid of the bowl and place it upside down onto the table on the right hand side. If vaccuum pressure makes the lid difficult to remove, simply squeeze the top edges of the bowl together as this will release the pressure.\r\rWhen you pick up the bowl, put it on the palm of your left hand. Use your right hand to hold the bowl on the side. Drink some of the soup first before you eat its contents. Do not finish the soup before the other dishes.\r\rWhen eating or drinking hot and fluid food, such as soup, noodles or tea, men are allowed to slurp. Slurping makes the host feel that you like the food. Furthermore, it is common to slurp when you take your last sip, so the host knows you have finished. Be careful, however, not to exaggerate the sound and do not apply it to other kinds of food. Women should avoid slurping in any case.\r\rChopsticks were developed about 5,000 years ago in China. There are many theories about how they came into being, one saying that the Chinese considered people who ate with chopsticks instead of spoons or other cutlery more refined. People who ate with chopsticks did not have to cut their food themselves, it was cut into small pieces for them beforehand. Chopsticks were imported to Japan in the seventh century. Before that, the Japanese used their fingers. \r\rJapanese chopsticks are commonly made of wood and covered with patterned varnish. The endings of Japanese chopsticks are much thinner than the Chinese ones, allowing a more precise handling.\r\rIf the chopsticks ('o-hashi') are covered with a white paper sleeve ('hashi-bukuro'), take them out. Wedge the lower chopstick firmly in the crotch of your right hand, holding it in place by the base of the thumb and the tip of the ring finger. Then hold the upper chopstick quite independently between the tips of thumb, index finger and middle finger. You can rearrange the chopsticks with your left hand before starting to eat.\r\rIf you take food from a common plate, it is proper to reverse the chopsticks and pick up the item with the opposite ends.\r\rAfter the chopsticks have delivered the food they should not remain in the mouth or in the hand. Between bites, either place the chopstick on the chopstick rest ('hashi-oki'), put them onto the paper sleeve or, if the food is served on a tray, on the edge of the tray so that the ends which touch the food do not touch the tray. Keep in mind that the chopsticks should not point at the person opposite you.\r\rWhen you eat 'sashimi', use your chopsticks to pick a tiny bit of 'wasabi' (grated horse radish) and put it on the slice of fish. As 'wasabi' is extremely spicy, be careful not to take too much. After that, quickly dip the fish into the soy sauce provided on a small plate. When eating 'sushi', only the fish but not the rice is dipped into the soy sauce.\r\rOnce you eat rice, arrange the chopsticks in your right hand, take the bowl and put it on the four fingers of your left hand and let the thumb rest slightly on the brim of the bowl but not hooked in the food. Lift it up to your chest when taking rice from it without holding it directly to your mouth. Once you have taken rice from it, place it back onto the table.\r\rAlternate between dishes but do not move too rapidly. In between eating fish, rice, vegetable and soup, pick up a slice of the thinly sliced ginger from time to time which is provided with the 'sashimi'. Ginger is meant to 'clean' your tongue and palate from previous tastes in order to prepare it for the pure taste of another slice of fresh fish. For the Japanese, the consistency of food is as much important as its taste.\r\rGenerally, do not take up dishes on the right side with your left hand or the other way round. Also, do not transfer pieces of food from one pair of chopsticks to another, as this is only done at funerals, when the relatives of the deceased pass on his bones.";
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	scrollableText = "Whenever you feel like coughing or having to blow your nose, do not do so at the table. It is correct to take a few steps away and turn your back to the host or to better leave the room.\r\rWhen you blow your nose, blow it quietly and do not take too much time for doing it. Do the same in public places.\r\rIf you do not have the possibility to leave the room, it is more acceptable to quietly sniff than blow your nose in front of everybody.\r\rThe Japanese are not used to using handkerchiefs made of cloth for blowing their nose. The thought of using the same piece of cloth several times and then putting it back into your pocket again makes them feel extremely uncomfortable. It is therefore advisable to take a pocket full of unused tissue paper with you at all times.\r\rWhenever you get up and leave the table, apologize beforehand. As it is considered impolite to stand up directly in front of somebody, slightly move back first, then place your hands at both sides, put the soles of your feet on the 'tatami' and then quietly raise your body.";
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	scrollableText = "The use of  lacquer ware ('urushi') in Japan can be traced back to about 9,000 years ago. Japan's abundant forest resources meant that wooden tableware was more readily available than ceramic ware, which remained unpopular until the seventh century when new techniques were imported from Korea. For varnishing a manufactured wooden bowl, the sap of the lacquer tree as well as basic materials such as wood, bamboo and paper were used.\r\rLacquered tableware comes in different colours and patterns. The most common colours for daily use are black and red.\r\rAs the beautuy of the lacquer ware and food arrangement are just as important as the taste of the food itself, it is appropriate to make a complimentary statement about it. Don't be too complimentary, however, as one might get the impression that you are being dishonest.\r\rWhenever somebody makes compliments to you, turn the compliments down. Most Japanese people feel embarrassed when they are praised.\r\rDo not ask for another serving, because the host will notice anyway without you telling him. If you want to indicate you want to eat more rice, do not eat up up all the contents in the bowl. If you do not want another helping, eat it up so that no grain is left.\r\rThe Japanese consider it immodest to talk about their individual wishes and longings. If you want to ask whether somebody needs something, in order not to embarrass the person it is best to do it as vaguely as possible. Do not ask 'Do you want some more rice?', but rather 'How do you like the idea of having something like rice?'. If you verbally want to decline, you can frankly reply saying 'Mo kekko desu', meaning 'No, thank you, I have had plenty'.\r\rWhen the rice is being served to you, take up the empty bowl with both hands and set it on the tray extended to you. Next, after you have received from the server, place the bowl back onto the table, for it is very bad form to begin eating the rice without doing this. Put your chopsticks down and do not eat while you are being served a second time.\r\rWhen serving somebody, it is better to do so with more than one scoop, as that might seem too abrupt. While you serve, be careful to refrain from touching hair and clothing.\r\rGenerally, when speaking with a person or handing something to a person who is sitting, one should also sit down. When it is necessary to pass in front of a person who is sitting, you should do so on your knees.";
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	scrollableText = "In the 16th century the habit of smoking tobacco was introduced to Japan by Portuguese traders. Smoking was prohibited in 1603 but the law was ignored by the people. In 1625 the Shogun's own soldiers were found to be smoking it and the ban was thus revoked. Today, the yearly average cigarette consumption in Japan is 2669 cigarettes for every man, woman and child in the country. Japan is the third largest tobacco market in the world. The Japanese smoke Western as well as Japanese cigarette brands, such as 'Seven Stars'.\r\rAs in Japan the risks of smoking are not being discussed much, there are no non-smoking areas in public places and restaurants. Smoking during a meal, even if other people around your table are still eating, is therefore not considered rude. When eating a dish like 'sashimi' in a restaurant, Japanese people often take their time and interrupt their meal with a cigarette. Before you do so, however, ask the people at your table.\r\rAfter having eaten from all the dishes on the table and having left no rice in your bowl, eat some of the Japanese pickles, if they are provided. Pickles have quite an intense taste. Eating them during the main meal would cover over the mild taste of the raw fish.\r\rVery often after the meal, Japanese green tea ('o-cha') is being served.\r\rWhen you have finished eating, put the lid back on the soup bowl, slide the chopsticks back into the paper case, or put them onto the chopstick rest, bow and say 'Gochisosama deshita'. This phrase conveys your thankfulness of having been offered the meal.\r\rNever use toothpicks in public after the meal.";
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	scrollableText = "In private homes, inns, hotels and some public facilities, extra toilet slippers, often marked with 'W.C.', are provided. Slip out of your own ones before you enter the bathroom and then slip into the other ones. The slippers left in front of the door will automatically alarm other guests that the toilet is currently engaged.\r\rDo not forget to change your slippers again when you leave the bathroom. Many foreign visitors have caused embarrassment by returning to the living room, inadvertently wearing toilet slippers.\r\rJust as in America, modern doors in Japan can be locked by either turning the handle or pushing the little button in the middle.\r\rFor most of its history, Japanese toilets were nothing than a hole in the ground. After the big 1923 earthquake in Yokohama, plumbing was introduced as the earthquake underscored the danger of disease. After World War II the Western toilet became more popular and Japan borrowed toilet technology from France, Switzerland and the United States. Today, there are mainly three kinds of toilets: the traditional ceramic basin on the ground which is often connected to a water basin, the toilet which derived from Western models and the Japanese modern high-tech toilet, which carries features such as washing, drying and playing sound of water as to cover the human sounds of embarrassed women ('Sound Princess').\r\rMost modern households have tiny rooms, separate to the bathroom, with Western toilets installed. In older houses and usually in big department stores, however, the traditional style toilets can be found. In this case, exceptional Western toilets are marked as such on the stall door.\r\rIf you need to use a public toilet, take paper tissues with you, as often nothing will be provided. Always look for one in a department store rather than train station. Toilets in train stations are often neglected. Several internet pages provide information and photographs about the condition of public toilets in big cities. For more information have a look online at the 'Tokyo Toilet Map'.\r\rSome Japanese have somewhat become obsessed with new toilet techniques. There is a toilet museum and the so-called 'World Toilet Exhibit' in Nakatado-gun on the island of Shikoku. 'Unicharm', a sanitary-napkin company, contributed $535,000 in 1994 to craft a solid gold toilet and gold bathroom slippers, an exhibit that has wowed the crowds from the start.";
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	scrollableText = "To use the toilet, men either stand or, just as women, squat astride the toilet, facing its raised end.\r\rOriginally imported from China, the 'furin' (wind chime) has been a standard feature of summer since the Muromachi period (1333-1568). The 'furin' is made of iron and activated whenever the wind strikes the inscribed paper that hangs underneath. The 'fresh' sound of the 'furin' intends to relax the Japanese in the hot and humid summer. The wind chimes are even referred to in seasonal 'haiku', the Japanese old traditional poem, which proves that there has always been a close connection between the 'furin' and the summer.";
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	scrollableText = "To check whether the toilet is engaged, the Japanese often simply knock on the door. Instead of calling out it is appropriate to knock back from the other side. If you do not knock, the in front of the door might think the door is blocked and he will try very hard to get it opened.";
Frame 5847
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	scrollableText = "When you have finished, turn the handle on the sink. Water will be automatically running out from the tab, so you can wash your hands. If there is no sink connected, there is usually a simple handle connected to the toilet which you need to pull in order to flush.\r\rBefore leaving the bathroom, take the toilet slippers off and arrange them neatly next to the door, toes pointing away from it.";
Frame 6149
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	scrollableText = "Generally, when tea is being served after the meal this indicates that it is time to leave soon. In any case, when you whish to leave, wait for a good break in the conversation, then express your thankfulness, quietly excuse yourself and say that you can not afford to stay any longer, even if you would like to.\r\rIt is most likely that the host will offer you to stay longer. If he does so, either excuse yourself again for having to leave or stay a bit longer. Keep in mind, however, that by offering this the host does not expect you to stay any longer than about 15 more minutes. As invitations to private homes are very rare in Japan, never extend your stay into the late evening, as this is considered impolite and obtrusive.";
Frame 6405
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	scrollableText = "After having decided to go, slip from your cushion and bow.\r\rSlightly move back before getting up in order to avoid standing up directly in front of your host. Before you leave the room, turn around once more and bow. If more than one person is present, bow to each one individually, starting with the person of the highest rank. \r\rThe person who remains in the room should remain seated off the cushion on the 'tatami' until the guest has left. Once the guest turns around to bow, the host, provided he holds a smaller position, bows deeply and remains in this position until the guest has disappeared.";
Frame 6774
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	scrollableText = "Once you proceed to the corridor, it is polite to decline the offer to see you out. If the hostess has been given a present, she should express her thankfulness once again.\r\rBefore stepping on the 'genkan', remove your slippers and neatly place them back onto the floor for the next guest, toes facing away from the entrance.";
Frame 7283
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	scrollableText = "Before leaving the house, bow deeply. At this point the hostess should invite the guest to come visit again in the future.\r\rAgain, do not put your coat on until you have left the house.\r\rBefore the guest compleately moves out of sight, he needs to turn to the host once more and bow for the last time. Simultaneously, the hostess bows and remains in that position until the guest has disappeared.\r\rThe Japanese take a long time to formally say good-bye, as, in order not to disappoint anyone, one is obliged to bow several times and to express one's thankfulness and pity for having to leave. Sometimes you can observe old ladies saying good-bye through the window of a departing bus, bowing several times, even if the other person has long disappeared.\r\rIf you say good-bye to a close friend or child, you can simply wave your hand and say 'ja ne', meaning 'bye'. Keep in mind to move your hand from the left to the right when waving instead of moving your fingers up and down, as this is the Japanese gesture for waving somebody to come closer.\r\rAfter having spent time at somebody's house it is very important to either send a thank you note or make a call the next day to express one's thankfulness.\r\rJapan has a very long bathing tradition. If you are invited to stay overnight, your will probably be offered to take a bath. As in Japan you shower your body before you step into the bath tub, it is very common that all members of a family use the same water for bathing. If you are asked to be the first one to do so, take the offer, but do not stay too long, as the water will cool off.";
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